Παχυσαρκία και αναπαραγωγή (Master thesis)

Σταυρίδου, Χρυσούλα

Obesity is one of the main factors that can affect the fertility of men and women. Although many overweight and obese women manage to become pregnant and have children, others find it difficult. According to the American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), at least 6% of cases of primary infertility are due to female obesity. The main culprit for this is estrogen, the female sex hormone produced by adipose cells. Studies have shown that women with a body mass index (BMI) above 27 are three times more likely to have anorexia compared to women with normal body weight. Still, even when the obese woman has ovulated, the quality of her eggs may be diminished. This probably explains why, among women with ovulation, any increase in BMI by 1 unit over 29 reduces the probability of pregnancy by 4% in one year of effort. BMI is calculated when dividing body weight (in kilos) by the square of height (in meters). It is normal when it is in the range of 20 to 25 kg / m2. From 25 to 30 means that the person is overweight, while from 30 and over it means obesity. Over 40 means malignant (or pathogenic) obesity. Another problem with extra pounds is that adipose tissue releases certain bioactive molecules (mainly a group of hormones called lipokines), which may interact with various molecular mechanisms related to insulin resistance, ovarian differentiation and oocyte differentiation. Even embryo implantation at the bottom of the uterus and other reproductive functions can be affected in obese women. And this can lead to complications such as delayed conception, increased miscarriage rates and reduced in vitro fertilization efficiency. However, even if pregnancy is aided by assisted reproduction, the chances of successful pregnancy can be reduced. The decrease is 9% on average for overweight women and 20% for obese women, according to existing epidemiological data. Obesity can also reduce male fertility, possibly due to a combination of different factors. It has been found that obesity can cause men with hormonal problems as well as sexual dysfunction. It can also lead to diseases such as type 2 diabetes and sleep apnea, which are associated with reduced testosterone and erection problems. It is estimated that for every 10 pounds a man carries, his fertility drops by an average of 10%. In a combined analysis of several studies of the effects of father body weight on the reproductive capacity of the couple, it was found that obese men were more likely to suffer from infertility. They were also less likely to have a child with the help of IVF. This is probably due to the fact that obesity reduces the quality of sperm cells and changes the physical and molecular structure of the sperm cells.
Institution and School/Department of submitter: Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης. Σχολή Επιστημών Υγείας. Τμήμα Ιατρικής
Subject classification: Human reproduction
Keywords: Παχυσαρκία,Υπογονιμότητα,Λεπτίνη,Obesity,Infertility,Leptin
URI: https://repo.lib.duth.gr/jspui/handle/123456789/11306
http://dx.doi.org/10.26257/heal.duth.10089
Appears in Collections:Π.Μ.Σ. ΑΝΘΡΩΠΙΝΗ ΑΝΑΠΑΡΑΓΩΓΗ

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http://dx.doi.org/10.26257/heal.duth.10089
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