Παχυσαρκία και αναπαραγωγή (Master thesis)

Μιχοπούλου, Ιωάννα

The prevalence of obesity is rising and has taken the form of an epidemic all over the world. More and more women with increased BMI have either primary or secondary infertility. Numerous reports associate obesity with negative fertility results. Age is known to exert the strongest effect on fertility and obstetric effects. The combination of advanced age and increasing BMI has a negative effect on the success of fertility. Obesity has a negative impact on all systems, including reproductive health. Fertility rates throughout the developed world are in decline. The prevalence of obesity in infertile women and men is high and it is now known that there is a causal relationship between obesity and infertility. Overweight and obese men have lower quality sperm and a worse outcome in trying to obtain an offspring. Male obesity is implicated in causing changes in concentration, total number, mobility, vitality, sperm morphology, seminal DNA fragmentation, and reduced acrosomal response. Overweight women have a higher incidence of menstrual malfunctions and anovulation. The rates of conception, rates of miscarriage, and pregnancy complications are increasing in these women. They have lower reproductive effects both after natural conception and after using assisted reproductive technologies, such as ovulation induction, in vitro fertilization / intracytoplasmic sperm infusion (IVF / ICSI), and egg donation. Obesity has a negative impact on pregnancy and is associated with an increased risk of miscarriage, gestational diabetes and hypertension. Preeclampsia rates have increased, as is the need for induction of labor and, consequently, invasive deliveries and cesarean sections. Postpartum bleeding rates are elevated in obese women. Complications from anesthesia increase significantly, as well as post-operative morbidity, and greater hospitalization in this population. Finally, there is an increased risk of venous thromboembolism and maternal mortality. Obese-born infants are at increased risk of being premature, infants with high or low birth weight, macrosomia, congenital abnormalities, neonatal death, and hypoglycemia, and are at increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome and developing neurodevelopmental problems. It is important that there are many factors that affect fertility and very few of them are modifiable. Weight loss has beneficial effects on reproductive performance in these patients.
Institution and School/Department of submitter: Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης. Σχολή Επιστημών Υγείας. Τμήμα Ιατρικής
Subject classification: Human reproduction
Keywords: Παχυσαρκία,Γονιμότητα,Υποβοηθούμενη αναπαραγωγή,Εγκυμοσύνη,Obesity,Infertility,Reproductive technology,Pregnancy
URI: https://repo.lib.duth.gr/jspui/handle/123456789/11361
http://dx.doi.org/10.26257/heal.duth.10144
Appears in Collections:Π.Μ.Σ. ΑΝΘΡΩΠΙΝΗ ΑΝΑΠΑΡΑΓΩΓΗ

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https://repo.lib.duth.gr/jspui/handle/123456789/11361
http://dx.doi.org/10.26257/heal.duth.10144
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