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Βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση με θέμα: Οπτικά Πεδία σε ασθενείς με χρόνιο γλαύκωμα ανοικτής γωνίας, αποφολιδωτικό γλαύκωμα και γλαύκωμα φυσιολογικής πίεσης (Master thesis)

Μουρτζίλας, Νικόλαος

Comparison of the characteristics, pattern and rate of change of visual fields between patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma (POAG), exfoliative glaucoma (PEXG) and normal tension glaucoma (NTG). Additional matching of these functional changes with the structural changes detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Method. Review of pubmed, sciencedirect, google scholar databases using keywords: visual field, glaucoma, open angle, pseudoexfoliation, normal tension, optical coherence tomography (OCT). A total of 6,161 results were obtained. After reading and evaluating the titles and abstracts, the present bibliography was selected. Results. The rate of visual field progress in the general sample is higher in PEXG compared to the other subtypes. However, it is equalized when adjusted for risk factors such as age, mean IOP, central corneal thickness, disc bleeding, and peripapillary β-zone atrophy of varying severity per subtype. In NTG, defects are more localized, sharper, deeper and closer to the fixation. The pattern of the defects varies depending on the stage of the disease and in the final stages it’s similar between subtypes. RNFL lesions are also more localized in NTG. In all subtypes due to the relationship of the lesion with the path of the nerve fibers the most common lesions are observed in the temporal retina and in the nasal field. GCIPL thinning in PEXG is faster, while its rate as well as RNFL thinning rate depends on the stage of the disease. In POAG, damage to the inferior pole of the optic disc and lower inferior vessel density, which is reflected in the superior visual field, is more common. Conclusion. Patients must be at a similar stage of the disease in order to be able to assess the differences (structurally and functionally) in characteristics, pattern and rate of progression between glaucoma subtypes. Also, in order to draw safe conclusions from the comparison of the characteristics, the pattern and the progress rate of visual fields between the glaucoma subtypes, the risk factors should be simulated.