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Στόχος 7 Φθηνή και Καθαρή Ενέργεια υπό το πρίσμα της τεχνολογίας του Blockchain (Master thesis)

Μαγγίνα, Χρυσαυγή Δ.

Energy is paramount to every serious challenge and opportunity facing our ever-changing world. Security, work, climate change, food production and income growth all require access to energy. For this reason, in the framework of the 2030 Agenda, energy-related issues are addressed in a specific autonomous goal, Goal 7. Through this, the UN aspires to "ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all ». With technology evolving and the climate crisis threatening our lives as well as the sustainability of the entire planet, energy production should be covered by clean, renewable energy sources. Cheap and clean energy is our ticket to a better world for all. In the last decade, the reduction in the cost of electronic systems combined with the exponential increase in their capabilities, have placed digitization at the top of the agenda of both states and private companies, boosting investments in the digital energy sector. The new types of networks that are being developed are directed towards the integration of communication and IT technologies into the infrastructure of electrical installations. They aim to improve the operation of the network with the aim of reliable and uninterrupted energy production that safely reaches the end users. This transformation of energy systems into a new era is due to the use of an innovative technology, Blockchain. Blockchain is a rapidly evolving digitaltechnology that combines cryptography, data management mechanisms, networks and incentive mechanisms to execute, control and record decentralized transactions between various parties. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the application of the innovative Blockchain technology in the rapidly evolving energy sector and its contribution to the achievement of goal 7. This paper firstly addresses the concept, course and development of sustainable development and analyzes the content and the adoption of Agenda 2030. Along the way, emphasis is placed on Goal 7, for Cheap and Clean energy, where the reasons why the achievement of this goal becomes necessary are mentioned. Then, reference is made to the concept of blockchain technology, with an emphasis on how this technology is used in the field of energy markets, while at the same time active research projects and platforms that are currently running at global and European level in the field of energy are presented in order to contribute through blockchain technology to a sustainable, affordable and clean energy. Finally, thoughts are given on the potential benefits of the technology in question or the challenges that need to be addressed, as well as the legal challenges that arise through technological developments.