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Η προστασία των προσώπων που καταγγέλλουν παραβιάσεις του δικαίου της Ένωσης σύμφωνα με την Οδηγία (EE) 2019/1937 (Master thesis)

Καζάκος, Γεώργιος/ Kazakos, Georgios

This present dissertation deals the study of the Community Directive, the Community Directive is related to the protection of public witnesses in the EU, which, essentially, is a preventive mechanism of transparency during the subsequent denunciation of would-be persons, who report violations of the law of the association, which take place in a public or private organization. The new EU legislation aims to encourage and fully protect persons for the dissemination of information and public disclosures, which fall within its scope, as a consequence of the right to freedom of expression and information, but also of good faith, when reporting of violations of European law. The new text of the union is intended to address the fragmentation of protection throughout the EU, but also the balancing of the rights of whistleblowers and (those) of the reported persons and, essentially, is a global best practice, as it indicates to the member states to adopt a minimum standard for the effective protection of whistleblowers. The philosophy of the European Directive was a long-term elaboration of the historical interpretation and international legislation, but also of the recent legislative procedures of the Commission and the European Council, respectively. The analysis of the Public Witness Directive sets out the scope and framework for strengthening its enforcement in specific areas of the EU, ensuring a high level of protection for persons who report breaches of Union law. It also highlights the safe reporting channels, which must be adopted by the Member States, for the effective management and follow-up of the report, which ensure the protection and confidentiality of the identity of the complainant, but also the completeness, integrity and confidentiality of the information, and the promotion of the public interest. In addition, minimum standards are analyzed regarding the protection of whistleblowers against retaliation and whistleblowers, which are an important safeguard against malicious and abusive complaints. Finally, the directive demonstrates effective, proportionate and dissuasive sanctions against natural and legal persons, in any form of obstruction of reporting or retaliating or violating the confidentiality and identity of whistleblowers.